Feeling frustrated by learning long lists of vocabulary? Find that you recognize words when someone else says them, but have no idea how to use them yourself?
It’s all too common for English learners to become overwhelmed by the number of words they are expected to know. And hours of memorizing vocabulary rarely pays off when you’re out in the real world. But there is an easier and much better way to learn new language. It’s called chunking, learning languages in chunks. So what is it, and how do you use it to become a better language learner?
What is chunking?
Chunking is learning a language in context. It means
learning phrases, or groups of words, rather than single words. These chunks of
language could be things like set phrases, fixed phrases, and other lexical
chunks.
Some examples are by the way and a sense of humor.
10 Simple Tips For Improving Your Level of Vocabulary.
Why is chunking a good way to
learn?
Chunking lets us take lots of small bits of information
– new words – and put them together so we have one larger thing to remember.
This larger thing – a phrase – is more meaningful than
the single words. So, it is much easier to remember.
To get a bit into the science, our brains are
naturally designed to see and form patterns, so we’re doing our brain a favor
by feeding it chunks of language. In turn, our brain does a wonderful job and
actually remembers those chunks.
Chunking allows us to have a lot of useful phrases on
hand when we have conversations in a second language. Rather than having to
find each individual word when we want to say something, we can find an entire
chunk. This makes our speech much faster and more fluent.
Finally, speaking in chunks lets us speak in a
grammatically correct way without us really having to learn grammar. Which is
the best way to tackle grammar in my opinion.
Look at the examples in the next section to see this
in action.
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How to use chunking in
language learning?
Learners have a tendency to want to know what every single
word in a phrase means. But that just isn’t helpful sometimes. Here are some
examples of chunks of vocabulary:
Take a simple phrase like “what’s up?“
This is commonly used to ask how are you? or what’s wrong? in
English-speaking countries. But if you break it down, you get what-is-up? This phrase understood word for word
might make you stare at the sky, looking for planes and clouds. Or you might
think it’s a very philosophical question. What is up? What is down? Where
am I? Learn “what’s up?” as
a chunk, however, and you will always know what it means.
Now let’s think about a sentence and break it into
chunks: I used to go to the beach every weekend when I was a kid.
There are several chunks in this sentence that would be worth learning. We can
look at two of them:
I used to: You
can use this over and over again in English. It means I did something often but I don’t do it now. It can
also be used to talk about states, so it’s very versatile. “I used to meet my friends every Saturday
morning. I used to love McDonald’s when I was younger.”
“When I was a kid:”
This is a very natural phrase that native speakers use to talk about when they
were young. “When I was a kid I loved
swimming. I lived in the US when I was a kid.“
These chunks of language stick in your memory, ready
to be used whenever you need them. And going back to knowing the correct
grammar without learning it: when you learn a chunk, you know without thinking
that it’s “I used to go“, not “I used to
went”, for example.
When to use chunking?
You can use chunking every time you read or hear
something in a foreign language. Break down what you hear not into single words
but into chunks, some of which you have probably heard before.
“What are you up to today? It depends on the weather.”
“If I were you, I’d
check the forecast.”
There are three excellent chunks in just this short
exchange.
Chunking is for all language learners at all levels.
Beginners shouldn’t be afraid to learn very useful full sentences and
questions. “Can you help me?” works much
better than help! And “Can I have a pint of coke, please?” is far
nicer than “coke, please.” Do beginners need to understand the nuances of
the modal verb can before they use it? Not in
these chunks of language, no
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