Tips For Preparing For The Cambridge Use Of English Section (FCE, CAE, CPE)

For many test takers, the Use of English section of the Cambridge Tests is the most difficult as it is primarily about complex grammar with a particular focus on advanced-level vocabulary.

Below are some suggestions for how you can prepare yourself to achieve the highest possible score in the section of the test.

A. Build your vocabulary using flashcards and quizlet

Many of our students who have achieved the highest marks in the final exam are those who have used flashcards to expand their vocabulary. What are flashcards? These are usually small cards that contain the vocabulary item on one side, and a sentence with a missing gap, or a definition, or a translation on the other side.

With these flashcards, you can test yourself whenever and wherever you are, whether you’re on the bus, or having a quiet coffee or taking a stroll at lunchtime.

You can also make your own cards online with a great website and app called quizlet. Quizlet even has a bank of ready made flashcards that already focus on the Cambridge exams. 

You will certainly be tested on your knowledge of collocations in the exam. What is a collocation? A collocation is a group of words that commonly go together. For example,

to pay someone back

attention

someone a compliment

one’s respects

someone a visit

Making regular paper flashcards is a great way to help remind you of such collocations. But Quizlet goes further and allows you to search for ready-made sets of cards. 

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B. Building word families

The word formation part of the exam can be tricky because you may not know the change word that is needed, or you may think it’s a word that is similar to a word in your own language, but the actual answer turns out not to be the same.

So, what we suggest here at Atlas is to build word families with new words that you encounter. If you see a new word, think about the different word forms. That is, think about what the verb, noun, adjective and adverb form is… if they exist in the first place.

Here’s an extra tip when building word families. To form new words you may have to:

1. Add a prefix: Un – Unreliable
2. Add a suffix: -ity – Responsibility
3. Make an internal change: Speak (verb) – Speech (noun)

In the FCE/CAE/CPE examS, you will be tested on less frequently used prefixes and suffixes, so make sure you notice and take note of them too. Here are some examples:

Prefixes:

• multi – e.g., multicultural
• trans – e.g., transatlantic
• over – e.g., overrated

Suffixes:

• -ish – e.g., childish
• -hood – e.g., likelihood
• -lessness – e.g., hopelessness
  
  
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C. Know your grammar!

In the exam, you are expected to have good control of all the common grammar items you would find up to the B2 upper-intermediate level. But you will be further tested on your accurate use of grammar items that you may only have encountered for the first time at the C1 advanced level. We usually advise our students that if you move from a Cambridge B2 First class straight to an Advanced exam preparation exam without having completed a full C1 Advanced General English course, you will have difficulties getting the high scores you want in the exam. 

Here are grammatical features that are generally included in Cambridge exams, and that you could well get tested on in your exam:

• Futures (revision)
• Inversion with negative adverbials
• Mixed conditionals in past, present, and future
• Modals in the past
• Narrative tenses for experience, incl. Passive
• Passive forms
• Phrasal verbs, especially splitting
• Wish / if only regrets
• Collocations

D. The tricky keyword transformation

In the previous tip, we mentioned that you will need to know the grammar you are being tested on. This is particularly so when it comes to being able to form correct keyword transformation answers – that’s part 4 in the Reading / Use of English paper. For this question, there are a few things to remember. First, you need to make at least two changes to form the correct sentence, but you mustn’t change the keyword. It is also integral that the meaning remains the same. Also, don’t forget that this question is worth two points so, even if you only get some of it right, you could get at least 1 point. Make sure you write something, even if it is just a guess!

Let’s look at an example below:

David thought it unfair that his team resented him for not scoring a goal.

AGAINST

David thought it unfair that his team should ………. for not scoring a goal.

And the correct answer is:

– hold it against him

And here’s how we arrived at the answer:

• Resent – changed to – Phrasal verb: hold against
• Both a direct and an indirect pronoun are used – hold it against him

As a final, extra tip in the area of grammar, when doing practice papers do take a note of the grammar or language that you’re being tested on and if you’re not familiar with the structure, then you really have to do your research. Learn more about that particular language item as you may well be tested on it again. 

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E. Improve your Open/Cloze!

A mistake that some people make when trying to complete the part 2 open-cloze questions in the Reading /  Use of English paper is that you might write words in the gaps words that are really unlikely to ever be needed in that part.

Here is a list of the types of function words and some examples of each one.

Function words	Examples
Pronouns	You, him, her, etc.
Relative pronouns	Which, that, where, who, etc.
Reflexive pronouns	Myself, yourself, itself, ourselves, etc.
Articles	A, an, the
Determiners/quantifiers	Much, many, fewer, all, enough
Linking words	But, however, despite, as, etc.
Time clauses	When, while, then, etc.
Prepositional phrases	Apply for, All of a sudden, in proximity, etc.
Phrasal verbs	Get along, get over, get on, etc.
Collocations	Take sbd for granted, take responsibility, take a break, etc.
Modals	must, could, should, may, might, can, ought
Auxiliaries	do, did, does

It is strongly recommended that you take note of the collocations and other chunks of language that you are not familiar with every time you do an open/cloze exercise. By ‘noticing’ in this way, you will start to see the types of function words that are required in this part 2 open-cloze exam question.

I hope that these suggestions are helpful for you in your preparation for your Cambridge test.

Good luck and good studying.

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